This literature review was prepared as part of a larger project entitled Using Columbia Basin State of the Basin Indicators to Measure Climate Adaptation, undertaken by Columbia Basin Trust's Communities Adapting to Climate Change Initiative in cooperation with the Columbia Basin Rural Development Institute at Selkirk College, and with support and guidance of a Project Advisory and Steering Committee. A primary objective of the literature review was to document and describe types of indicators currently in use or proposed for tracking climate change, impacts and adaptation. The review explores the complexities associated with measuring adaptation, issues associated with attribution, and identifies approaches that may be appropriate for the Columbia Basin Trust region (the Basin). It also informed the development of a model, framework and criteria for selection of climate change, climate impact and climate adaptation indicators for the State of Climate Adaptation and Resilience in the Columbia Basin indicator suite.