As a complex social issue, poverty has many dimensions that can be measured. Poverty always involves a lack of income, so low income measures are certainly important to defining poverty and supporting its reduction (see Poverty Reduction Part I: What is Poverty Reduction? Identifying Strategies and Initiatives in Rural Communities). However, what indicators can be used to measure the depth, breadth and duration of poverty in a community? What indicators can go beyond lack of income to reflect social inclusion or well-being? How can indicators be used to evaluate the success of poverty reduction efforts? Indicator usage in poverty reduction work differs in scale and focus. Common poverty reduction indicators are highlighted in three categories: monitoring trends, identifying community challenges, and evaluating programs.